LYMPHEDEMA AFTER BREAST CANCER

BY KATIE BOALDIN, PT, DPT; PHYSICAL THERAPIST, ROCK VALLEY PHYSICAL THERAPY

Lymphedema is the abnormal accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the body’s tissues. It can occur when there has been trauma to the lymphatic system, such as surgery or radiation for breast cancer. These interventions can result in lymph nodes being removed or damaged, which decreases the ability for that area of the body to sufficiently transport fluid. After breast cancer treatment, lymphedema typically occurs in the involved arm, trunk, or breast. Symptoms may occur early on or may present a few months or even years later. Signs and symptoms of lymphedema include swelling in the affected area, skin tightness, a sensation of fullness, and/or tight clothing or jewelry. Lymphedema is a condition that can worsen without treatment. Unfortunately, there is no cure. However, it can be managed successfully with collaboration between the patient and their medical team including the physician, therapist, and certified garment fitter. Treatment for lymphedema is called complete decongestive therapy and includes a combination of manual lymphatic drainage (a very gentle massage), compression, exercise, and skin care. The earlier treatment begins, the more successful the management may be. The primary goal of treating lymphedema is to first decrease the swelling and then learn strategies to keep it minimized. A person at risk for developing lymphedema should be aware of certain precautions: • Avoid extreme heat or too much sun. Wear sunscreen to prevent sunburn. • Avoid skin injuries on the involved side as this provides an opportunity for bacteria to enter. o Avoid injections, IVs, and blood draws in the involved arm.  o Prevent bug bites. o Wear gloves when gardening to prevent unnecessary nicks, cuts, and scrapes. o Use an electric razor to shave in the underarm area. • Avoid blood pressure checks in the affected arm. • Avoid constrictive clothing or jewelry. • Practice good skin care techniques including keeping skin clean and moist using an alcohol-free, fragrance-free lotion. • Wear your compression garments while traveling, particularly long distances or on an airplane. Lymphedema is a very manageable condition in which early detection and treatment leads to the best outcomes. The first step is education and awareness. If you think lymphedema is affecting you, please consult your physician or reach out to Katie Boaldin at Rock Valley Physical Therapy at (319) 233-6995.